由于源語(yǔ)言和目標(biāo)語(yǔ)存在諸多差異,所以在語(yǔ)言轉(zhuǎn)換過(guò)程中譯者會(huì)對(duì)語(yǔ)言形式在不同方面進(jìn)行不同層次的選擇和適應(yīng)以最大程度地忠實(shí)于原文,服務(wù)于目標(biāo)語(yǔ)讀者。
修辭的應(yīng)用
例1:歷史大勢(shì)必將浩蕩前行。
The wheel of history, indeed, will keep rolling forward no matter what.
分析:在進(jìn)行語(yǔ)言轉(zhuǎn)換時(shí),譯者將“歷史大勢(shì)”譯為“the wheel of history”,與“will keep rolling forward”的搭配使目標(biāo)語(yǔ)讀者感受到“浩蕩前行”。比喻的使用形象地傳達(dá)出歷史的車(chē)輪將不斷前行。
例2:中國(guó)推動(dòng)更高水平開(kāi)放的腳步不會(huì)停滯!中國(guó)推動(dòng)建設(shè)開(kāi)放型世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的腳步不會(huì)停滯!中國(guó)推動(dòng)構(gòu)建人類(lèi)命運(yùn)共同體的腳步不會(huì)停滯!
China will not stop its effort to pursue higher-quality opening-up! China will not stop its effort to pursue an open world economy! And China will not stop its effort to pursue a community with a shared future for mankind!
分析:排比句的使用與源語(yǔ)言的形式形成呼應(yīng),譯文不僅準(zhǔn)確地表達(dá)了原文的意思,而且讀起來(lái)朗朗上口、一氣呵成,使目標(biāo)語(yǔ)讀者體會(huì)到中國(guó)將會(huì)做出的努力。
增減譯法的應(yīng)用
例3:各國(guó)都應(yīng)該努力改進(jìn)自己的營(yíng)商環(huán)境,解決自身存在的問(wèn)題,不能總是粉飾自己、指責(zé)他人,不能像手電筒那樣只照他人、不照自己。
Countries need to improve their business environment by addressing their problems. They should not just point fingers at others to gloss over their own problems. They should not hold a “flashlight” in hand doing nothing but to check out on the weakness of others and not on their own.
分析:增譯法的應(yīng)用“doing nothing but”使“手電筒”的形象描述“只照他人、不照自己”躍然紙上,進(jìn)而使目標(biāo)語(yǔ)讀者明白其喻意,旨在督促各國(guó)解決自身問(wèn)題。
例4:中國(guó)將始終是全球共同開(kāi)放的重要推動(dòng)者,中國(guó)將始終是世界經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的穩(wěn)定動(dòng)力源,中國(guó)將始終是各國(guó)拓展商機(jī)的活力大市場(chǎng),中國(guó)將始終是全球治理改革的積極貢獻(xiàn)者。
China will remain a strong advocate of openness at the global level, and will continue to act as a stable engine of global growth, a big market with enormous opportunities and an active supporter of global governance reform.
分析:減譯法的運(yùn)用避免了行文中用詞的重復(fù)性而導(dǎo)致的贅述,使英譯文本更加緊湊連貫,突出中國(guó)在“全球共同開(kāi)放”、“世界經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)”、“各國(guó)拓展商機(jī)”、“全球治理改革”中發(fā)揮的作用。
直譯法的應(yīng)用
例5:只有敢于創(chuàng)新、勇于變革,才能突破世界經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展瓶頸。
Only with bold innovation and reform can we break the bottlenecks in global growth.
分析:“瓶頸”原指瓶子上部較細(xì)的部分,可用來(lái)形容事業(yè)發(fā)展中遇到阻礙而停滯不前,而“bottleneck”也可指a situation that stops a process or activity from progressing.“瓶頸”在中英文中所指代的意思是一致的,所以在進(jìn)行語(yǔ)言轉(zhuǎn)換時(shí)用直譯的方式就可生動(dòng)地表達(dá)源語(yǔ)言的意思,無(wú)需再進(jìn)行意譯或增譯。 |