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　　2016級(jí)學(xué)生將于本學(xué)期末參加2017年12月的大學(xué)英語四級(jí)考試,近期筆者對(duì)所授班級(jí)進(jìn)行了一次模擬考試,試卷采用的是2016年12月大學(xué)英語四級(jí)真題(一)。通過本次模擬考試學(xué)生了解了自己目前的學(xué)習(xí)狀況，并為接下來的四級(jí)考試做以準(zhǔn)備和計(jì)劃。現(xiàn)就本次考試中學(xué)生的英語作文和翻譯表達(dá)中常見問題進(jìn)行簡析。

　　第一，詞性混淆。Red usually symbol good luck, longevity and happiness. Symbol是名詞，句中缺少的是謂語動(dòng)詞symbolize,并使用第三人稱單數(shù)。It’s a good choose to find a job somewhere after graduation. Choose是動(dòng)詞，句中缺少的是用作表語的名詞choice. To find a job is benefit for my development. Benefit是動(dòng)詞，句中缺少的是用作表語的形容詞beneficial. In Chinese cultural, the color of red usually symbolizes…… Cultural是形容詞，句中缺少的是用作介詞賓語的名詞culture.

　　第二，動(dòng)詞的不同形式混淆。首先，動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)。People gives money…… Somebody think…… Our country hope……其次，動(dòng)詞的-ing形式。I don’t have the ability of start a business. Because start a business can give some people……以上兩個(gè)句子中的start應(yīng)用其-ing形式分別做介詞的賓語和句子的主語。再次，動(dòng)詞的-ed形式。You can found a job……在這句話中，應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞原形find。最后，動(dòng)詞不定式。We should to start…… I will to catch a chance. Should和will后應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞原形。

　　第三，be動(dòng)詞的使用問題。首先，be 動(dòng)詞亂用。If we are come from school,…… When we are graduated,…… I’m decide to find a job. The red is not always means luck and happiness. 其次，be動(dòng)詞的省缺。It not always equal to good luck…… Red can found everywhere.

　　第四，句子結(jié)構(gòu)問題。The other reason of red is popular in China is people make red…… Chinese revolution and Chinese party is red popularity of reason. 出現(xiàn)以上句子結(jié)構(gòu)混亂的原因是應(yīng)試者沒能理清句子的主干。筆者曾提出過運(yùn)用樹干理論理清脈絡(luò)。所謂樹干理論，就是指在翻譯過程中先翻譯出句子的主干部分，然后是其他細(xì)枝末節(jié)，最后再進(jìn)行檢查，即trunk---modifier---check.這句話的主干是Another reason is that…第二步Another reason for the popularity of red is that…最后補(bǔ)充that從句，Another reason for the popularity of red is that people associate it with Chinese Revolution and the Communist Party.

　　第五, there be句型的問題。There are many college students have no idea about their future after graduation. 這句話可改為Many college students have no idea about their future after graduation. There are many college students who have no idea about their future after graduation.

　　其它問題如名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)問題，a people, this days, this two options; 拼寫問題如將perfect寫為prefect, popular寫為population, represent寫為respect.

　　希望同學(xué)們?cè)诮酉聛淼膫淇贾屑訌?qiáng)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)的鞏固，避免這些所謂的“careless mistake”。